Table of Contents
Turnera diffusa, known as damiana, is a shrub belonging to southern texas in the united states, main america, mexico, south america, and the caribbean. It belongs to the family passifloraceae.
Damiana is a reasonably small, woody shrub that produces little, aromatic flowers. It blooms in early to late summertime and is followed by fruits that taste comparable to figs. The shrub is said to have a strong spice-like smell somewhat like chamomile, due to the vital oils present in the plant.
Phytochemistry
Damiana includes damianin; tetraphyllin b; gonzalitosin i; arbutin; tricosan-2-one; acacetin; p-cymene; β-sitosterol; 1,8-cineole; apigenin; α-pinene; β-carotene; β-pinene; tannins; thymol; and hexacosanol. In total, 22 flavonoids, maltol glucoside, phenolics, seven cyanogenic glycosides, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, triterpenoids, the polyterpene ficaprenol-11, fats, and caffeine have been discovered in the genus turnera. Since 2006, damiana’s constituents have not been identified for their impacts credited to the entire herb. Damiana’s anxiolytic residential or commercial properties might be due to apigenin. The extract from damiana has actually been discovered to suppress aromatase activity, consisting of the isolated compounds pinocembrin and acacetin. (1 )
Overview
Damiana is a wild shrub that grows in mexico, central america, and the west indies. The leaf and stem are used to make medicine. Historically, it was utilized mainly to increase sexual desire (as an aphrodisiac).
Damiana is utilized to deal with headache, bedwetting, depression, worried stomach, and irregularity; for prevention and treatment of sexual problems; boosting and preserving mental and physical stamina; and as an aphrodisiac.
Some people inhale damiana for a minor “high.” (2 ).
Description
Damiana, of the turneraceae plant household, is a fragrant shrub with little yellow flowers that grows on dry, bright, rocky hillsides in south texas, southern california, mexico, and central america. The two species used in natural recovery, both of which are described as damiana, are turnera aphrodisiaca and turnera diffusa. Damiana normally grows to a height of about 24 in (60 cm). Its pale green leaves, which turn yellow-brown when dried, are 0.5– 1 in (15– 25 mm) long and rather narrow. They have serrated (jagged) edges. The leaves and in some cases the stems of the plant have medicinal uses. Other names for damiana include old woman’s broom, mexican damiana, pastorata, hierba del venado, oreganello, and the bourrique. (3 ).
History
This fragrant shrub is part of the family passifloraceae and can mature to 2 metres in height. Damiana is prevalent in deserts in main and south america in addition to in some parts of africa. In mexico in particular it is harvested and exported in muches.
In the 17th century the plant was first therefore described by the spanish missionary juan maria de salvatierra: the native peoples of mexico would use the leaves to make a watery extract which, sweetened with sugar, would be imbibed as a love potion. De salvatierra named the hitherto unknown plant “damiana”, after st damian, the tutelary saint of drug store.
Making use of damiana extracts to treat coughs and other breathing disorders has been given from spanish colonial times. The maya individuals smoked dried damiana leaves for relaxation and lung cleaning, their word for it literally suggesting “asthma broom”. It was likewise utilized to treat diabetes, malaria, menstrual disorders and inflammations of the urogenital tract.
In north america, casts based on damiana were offered as popular tonics into the 19th century. The damiana-containing item the mormon elder’s wafers was even prized as a cure-all for insomnia, lameness, problems and impotence. (4 ).
How it works?
Many research study has actually been done on the volatile oil of damiana, that includes various little, fragrant compounds called terpenes. Yet, it is unclear if the volatile oil is genuinely the primary active constituent of damiana. Damiana extracts have actually been shown, in a test tube, to weakly bind to progesterone receptors. Therefore, damiana may be a potentially beneficial herb for some female health problems. Nevertheless, no human research studies have investigated this possibility and it is not a primary traditional usage. (5 ).
Benefits of damiana
Damiana (turnera diffusa, turnera aphrodisiaca) is a wild shrub. It is belonging to texas, mexico, south and main america, and the caribbean.
The dried leaves are believed to have an aphrodisiac impact for both males and females. This implies they are used to enhance sexual function. Damiana is likewise offered as a hunger suppressant.
In natural medicine, damiana is used to deal with medical conditions, including:.
- Asthma
- Anxiety
- Anxiety
- Headache
- Irregularity
- Menstrual conditions
There is no strong proof to support these uses.
This short article takes a look at the herb damiana and the evidence for its use.
Damiana has been used in herbal remedies for centuries. Still, couple of research studies have taken a look at this plant’s effectiveness.
Much of the research study that does exist is restricted to animal and lab studies. The results of these studies can not be dependably applied to people.
Improved sexual function
Damiana is commonly promoted as a sexual stimulant and aphrodisiac. There is little scientific support for this.
A 2009 research study found that damiana helped sexully exhausted male rats have a second ejaculation. According to the research study authors, the results support its use as an aphrodisiac.
The authors suggested that flavonoids in the plant might cause this effect.these are antioxidant-rich compounds discovered in some vegetables and fruits.
Other research study recommends damiana may also enhance female sexual pleasure.
Two research studies investigated the supplement arginmax for females. This is an exclusive blend of:.
- Ginseng
- Ginkgo
- Damiana
- L-arginine
- Multivitamins
- Minerals
The first study included 77 women. Individuals took either arginmax or a placebo for 4 weeks. At the end of the research study, 73% of those who took arginmax reported:.
- A boost in sexual desire
- A decrease of vaginal dryness
- A higher frequency of sexual relations and orgasm
- Enhanced clitoral feeling
This is compared to 37% of the placebo group.
The second study took a look at arginmax in females in various stages of life, consisting of:.
- Premenopause
- Perimenopause
- Postmenopause
All groups reported higher levels of libido and complete satisfaction. Scientists also kept in mind that enhancements in the postmenopausal group were significant.
The supplement likewise did not impact estrogen levels. Research study authors suggested the supplement might be a better choice than hormone-replacement treatment for older ladies who wish to increase their sex drive.
Significantly, scientists in both studies might not say whether damiana alone can improve sexual function. It is possible it may work just in mix with other herbs.
Recap
A couple of studies have discovered some proof for damiania’s usage in enhancing sexual function. More evidence is needed before it can be recommended for this usage.
Appetite suppressant
Damiana has actually likewise been studied as a weight-loss tool.
In a 2013 study, ladies were given a natural formula 15 minutes prior to meals. This formula included:.
- Damiana
- Yerba maté
- Guarana
Some participants likewise took an inulin based soluble fermentable fiber. This kind of fiber dissolves in water. It is discovered in the roots of lots of food plants.
Topics who took this formula ate much less food by volume and calories than to those who took the placebo.
Subjects who took the herbs however not the fiber likewise ate less calories. According to the study authors, the supplement produced a robust, short-term decline in appetite.
An earlier research study found that this organic formula delayed stomach emptying by an additional 20 minutes. This means it took longer for food to leave the stomachs of those who took the formula.
It also reduced the time it took participants to feel full.
Topics took the supplement daily before their main meal for 45 days. At the end of the time period, they ‘d lost approximately 11 pounds more than those taking a placebo.
Those who kept taking the supplement for a year maintained their weight-loss.
This research reveals guarantee. Still, the study authors might not state if damiana suppresses cravings by itself. More research study is needed prior to it can be recommended as a weight-loss help.
Wrap-up
Some research studies have also discovered proof that a natural formula including damiana can assist suppress hunger. More research is needed. (6 ).
Benefits for male and female
Male sexual health
Especially shown for easing problems of accomplishing and preserving erections, damiana also works to ease stress and anxiety related to fears of inadequate sexual performance. Studies have actually revealed that consuming the plant works to decrease the gastrointestinal system and instead rushes oxygen to genital areas. This helps guys to accomplish erection far more easily and preserve it for longer time periods. Yet another research study declares that use of damiana results in greater level of sensitivity in the erogenous zones, particularly the genitals, which in turn might assist males to experience higher sexual pleasure.
Female sexual health
Damiana had long been considered a specifically male aphrodisiac, until family and integrated medical practitioner cynthia watson released her book, “love potions, a guide to aphrodisiacs and sexual satisfaction”. In it, she provided evidence suggesting that androgens such as testosterone might be efficient for stimulating so-called “frigid” ladies, a characteristic some scientists think might be caused by an androgen deficiency. Watson likewise said she saw a restored interest in sex amongst ladies who used damiana. In additions she composed, “it is likewise reported to cause erotic dreams when intoxicated at bedtime. I can likewise inform you that damiana makes my dreams a minimum of a little unusual, with qualities deserving of an abstract walt disney production”.
Antidepressant
Among the active constituents of this herb is thymol, and it is this substance that is accountable for damiana’s life enhancing and stimulating result on the mind and body. Many herbalists recommend damiana for mild to moderate anxiety, anxiety and nervous exhaustion. Its stimulating and restorative homes make it an important herb for anxiety and depression taking place together– as can frequently occur as a result of long term tension.
Digestive health
This versatile herb will promote digestive health by assisting in the breakdown of fats and sugars in the digestion system. This system is beneficial as it increases the body’s nutrient absorption rate, therefore guaranteeing the body gets the most nutrients found in the food we eat.
Damiana also encourages the cleaning of the gastrointestinal system, forcing the body to remove hazardous chemicals and toxins that would usually hinder the digestion procedure. This natural herb can also be used to treat dyspepsia or impaired digestion as it actively decreases the gastrointestinal procedure. (7 ).
Further more
Might assist combat prevent and diabetes
Some research has shown that a mix of damiana, guarana and yerba mate might assist individuals who are obese or obese to reach a much healthier weight. These herbs are capable of enhancing energy levels, which supports exercise, decreasing stress-related eating, aiding with hormonal balance, and perhaps lowering hunger or yearnings.
According to a research study published in the journal of enthopharamacology referenced above, not just does damiana have anti-obesity impacts, however it also possesses antidiabetic, antioxidant, adapatogenic, antispasmodic and gastroprotective activities that may help reduce the risk for numerous persistent diseases. In certain animal research studies, t. Diffusa has actually been revealed to have antioxidant residential or commercial properties that might avoid kidney damage and diabetes induced by mitochondrial oxidative tension.
May battle infections
A range of types of turnera plantsare commonly used in herbal remedies for treating different kinds of inflammatory diseases and infections. Today, research informs us that plants in the turneraceae household can function as a source of plant-derived natural substances that have antibiotic resistance-modifying activity.
Damiana has actually been shown to serve as a natural anti-inflammatory agent, expectorant (it helps to open up the airways and stop coughs) and immunomodulator. There’s proof that t. Diffusa can be utilized to deal with otitis (ear aches/ear infections) and nephritis (swelling of the kidneys).
Pinocembrin is one of the main flavonoids separated from damiana leaf. Pinocembrin activities have been well-researched and consist of antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer activities. For centuries, plants including pinocembrain and flavanoids (both discovered in damiana) have been utilized to fight bacterial infections of the respiratory, reproductive and digestive systems– including those caused by bacterial strains such as gonorrhoeae, e. Coli, p. Aeruginosa, b. Subtilis, s. Aureus, s. Lentus and k. Pneumoniae.
Can assist lower pain (headaches, stomach aches, pms, etc)
Ladies who suffer from extreme pms symptoms, such as cramps and state of mind swings, may take advantage of utilizing damiana leaf throughout their menstrual cycles. Damiana may also help minimize headaches, muscle pains and stomach discomforts. Given that it has relaxant and gastrointestinal stimulating effects, a historical use of damiana was consuming it to assist release the muscles in the gi system in order to lower constipation, bloating and abdominal discomfort. (8 ).
How to make damiana tea?
Step 1 or 2 heaping teaspoons of dried damiana leaves, and position them into a clean coffee mug or other heat evidence drinking container.
Boil one cup of water in small pan or tea kettle on the stove top. Remove from heat and pour the boiling water into the mug, over the dried damiana leaves.
Permit the damiana tea steep for 15-20 minutes. Strain the tea into a clean coffee mug, or into another heat proof drinking container. Dispose of the spent damiana leaves in the compost pile or trash bin.
Add a teaspoon of pure, raw honey to sweeten the damiana tea, if preferred, however do not utilize granulated or refined sugar, as this can harm the useful homes of the tea.
Garnish the damiana tea with a lemon wedge for additional taste, if wanted, and drink immediately. Optionally, you can include 1/2 teaspoon of lemon juice.
Suggestion
Add other pleasant tasting herbs such as mint or lemon balm to your damiana tea if you find the flavor too strong.
Caution
Do not take damiana tea if you are diabetic. It can trigger the blood sugar level to surge, leading to hazardous negative effects. Avoid damiana tea if you are pregnant. Although there is no proof that it can trigger harm, the impacts on the fetus are unidentified, and it is always much better to be safe than sorry. (9 ).
Damiana tea benefits
The most noteworthy health advantages of damiana tea may include its effects on fertility, sex drive, gastrointestinal health and energy levels, to name a few. The flavonoids found in this tea have the ability to give your body a major increase, and these stimulant qualities are also known to assist increase libido and overcome frigidity. The impacts that the tea can have on the hormonal agents is indisputable, and not only can it help to enhance fertility, but can also manage menstruation and avoid much of the typical symptoms of that month-to-month cycle. (10 ).
Negative effects of damiana
Get emergency medical aid if you have indications of an allergic reaction: hives; trouble breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Stop using damiana and call your doctor simultaneously if you have:.
- A seizure (convulsions);
- Problem breathing;
- Fever, queasiness, throwing up;
- Changes in your psychological status (agitation, fear, concern, confusion, hallucinations);
- Problem swallowing, excessive saliva, drooling;
- Loss of movement in any part of your body; or
- Agonizing muscle spasms or unrestrained muscle movement.
This is not a complete list of adverse effects and others may happen. Call your doctor for medical suggestions about side effects. (11 ).
How to take damiana tea?
Damiana can be taken as a tea as much as 3 times a day. Prepare around 1 teaspoon (6-12 g) of damiana dried leaves in a mug of boiling water, delegate brew for 10 minutes before drinking. You can likewise take it in pill or liquid extract form. The proper dosage can depend on numerous elements such as age, body structure and existence of any other conditions. Similar to a lot of organic treatments, it is best to deal with a practical physician or naturopath to assist you identify which is best for your needs. (12 ).
Dose
Nowadays, you can find dried damiana leaves in tea bags and capsules. It’s likewise offered in tinctures, both alcoholic and alcohol-free. Cigarette smoking and breathing in damiana leaves is possible however not recommended.
Pregnant and nursing moms ought to not consume damiana, nor need to people with liver problems. In high dosages, damiana is stated to trigger hallucinations. If you experience hallucinations while taking damiana, keep one’s cool and get medical aid as rapidly as possible.
Read the label on your damiana preparation for dosage instructions. A basic guide is to take 2 to 4 grams or less of dried damiana in tea or capsule kind with meals, 3 times a day. Individual experiences will vary, but hallucinations have been reported at doses of 200 g.
Damiana has been offered as a component called “spice,” present in some herbal mixtures that imitate the impacts of marijuana. States vary on the legality these blends, however damiana is legal all over in the united states other than louisiana. (13 ).
Interaction
Do not take damiana without medical suggestions if you are using any of the following medications:.
Insulin or oral diabetes medicine.
This list is not complete. Other drugs may communicate with damiana, including prescription and over the counter medicines, vitamins, and natural products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this item guide. (14 ).
Preventative measure
Scientific literature and research declare that damiana and its leaves are among the safest supplements for enhancing sexual performance.
There are almost no or very little negative effects reported against damiana. There are also no proven drug interactions with this herb.
In case of an overdose, you may pass loose stools because of the herb’s laxative result.
Care!
If you are pregnant or preparation on conception, stay away from damiana because it is a potent emmenagogue. Damiana can cause menstruation in ladies.
It may result in abortion or a stillborn if you did not refrain from the supplements. Please consult your physician about taking this herbal medication in any case. (15 ).
Conclusions
Examination of the cytotoxic homes of t. Diffusa exposed significant impacts for different apolar extracts versus the myeloma cell lines mm1s, u266 and nci-h929. Methodical examination of the active extracts by uhplc caused the reduction of the complex metabolite to a range of possible prospects, which were consequently separated. Of these substances, naringenin and apigenin 7-o-( 4 ″- o-p-e-coumaroyl)- glucoside were recognized as two parts responsible for the observed activity. The cytotoxicity of naringenin remains in line with previous findings, if nevertheless, observed for other cell lines.up to the very best of our knowledge, compound 4 is referred to as cytotoxic for the very first time. However, its aglycone apigenin has been found active against cancer cell lines previously. Interestingly, only one of the two evaluated apigenin coumaroyl glucosides (compounds 3 and 4) revealed activity in the conducted assays, indicating steric effects to play an essential role for the cytotoxicity of these substances.
In addition, the present research study explains the very first confirmed uhplc-dad technique for the metrology of phenolic constituents in t. Diffusa. The recognized assay permits the quantitation of eight flavonoids in both, the herb and the conventional preparation of t. Diffusa, and paired to mass spectrometry gives info on the abundance of another five flavonoids occurring in hydroethanolic damiana extracts. (16 ).
Referrals
- Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/turnera_diffusa
- Https://www.rxlist.com/damiana/supplements.htm
- Https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/africa/mauritius-and-runion-political-geography/damiana
- Https://www.ewaliashop.com/ewalia-magic-tips/damiana
- Https://www.peacehealth.org/medical-topics/id/hn-2077004#hn-2077004-how-it-works
- Https://www.verywellhealth.com/damiana-what-should-i-know-about-it-89557
- Https://www.indigo-herbs.co.uk/natural-health-guide/benefits/damiana
- Https://draxe.com/nutrition/damiana
- Https://www.leaf.tv/articles/how-to-make-damiana-tea/
- Https://www.organicfacts.net/damiana-tea.html
- Https://www.drugs.com/mtm/damiana.html
- Https://www.mariongluckclinic.com/blog/in-bed-with-damiana.html#:~:text=damiana%20( turnera% 20diffusa)% 20has% 20been, and% 20sensitivity% 20to% 20female% 20organs.
- Https://www.healthline.com/health/damiana-ancient-aphrodisiac#dosage
- Https://www.emedicinehealth.com/drug-damiana/article_em.htm
- Https://www.stylecraze.com/articles/damiana-leaf/
- Https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc6429218/